UNIT 1: Plurals / Countable - Uncountable Nouns
Plural Number
Most nouns form their plural by adding -s.
Examples:
- Singular: a car
- Plural: two cars
Image: a car - two cars (Page 6)
Nouns ending in -s, -ss, -sh, -ch, -x, -o, take -es in the plural:
Examples:
- bus - buses
- dress - dresses
- brush - brushes
- torch - torches
- box - boxes
- tomato - tomatoes
Image: a tomato - two tomatoes (Page 6)
Nouns ending in a consonant + y drop the -y and take -ies in the plural.
Examples:
- a strawberry - three strawberries
- baby - babies
- cherry - cherries
- country - countries
- story - stories
- secretary - secretaries
- hurry - hurries
- study - studies
- apply - applies
- try - tries
Image: a strawberry - three strawberries (Page 6)
Nouns ending in -f or -fe, drop the f or -fe and take -ves in the plural.
Examples:
- a leaf - four leaves
- a wolf - two wolves
- knife - knives
- wife - wives
- shelf - shelves
- calf - calves
- half - halves
- life - lives
- thief - thieves
Image: a leaf - four leaves, a wolf - two wolves (Page 6)
Nouns ending in a vowel + y take -s in the plural.
Examples:
- a boy - two boys
- day - days
- toy - toys
- monkey - monkeys
- key - keys
- tray - trays
Image: a boy - two boys (Page 6)
But some nouns ending in -o take only -s.
Examples:
- radio - radios
- piano - pianos
- photo - photos
- rhino - rhinos
- hippo - hippos
- video - videos
- kilo - kilos
- zoo - zoos
Adjectives do not take -s in the plural.
Examples:
- a happy girl - two happy girls
Image: a happy girl - two happy girls (Page 6)
UNIT 1: Plurals / Countable - Uncountable Nouns
Irregular Plurals
Some nouns are Irregular. For example:
- child - children
- man - men
- woman - women
- goose - geese
- tooth - teeth
- foot - feet
- ox - oxen
- mouse - mice
- sheep - sheep
- deer - deer
Image: Irregular Plurals examples (Page 7)
UNIT 1: Plurals / Countable - Uncountable Nouns
Pronunciation
The suffix of the plural form is pronounced:
/s/ when the verb ends in a(n) /f/, /k/, /p/, /t/ or /θ/ sound.
Examples:
- Cliffs, books, shops, cats, myths, etc.
Image: Pronunciation /s/ (Page 8)
/ɪz/ when the verb ends in a(n) /s/, /ks/, /ʃ/, /tʃ/, /dʒ/, /z/ or /ʒ/ sound.
Examples:
- buses, foxes, brushes, torches, bridges,
- roses, mirages, etc.
Image: Pronunciation /ɪz/ (Page 8)
/z/ when the noun ends in any other sound.
Examples:
- rooms, boys, pears, leaves, lemons,
- pianos, etc.
Image: Pronunciation /z/ (Page 8)
UNIT 1: Plurals / Countable - Uncountable Nouns
Countable - Uncountable Nouns
Countable nouns are nouns which can be counted (e.g. one apple, two apples, etc.) and can be in the singular or the plural. We put a before the noun in the singular when it begins with a consonant sound (b, d, p, etc.) and an when it begins with a vowel sound (a, e, i, o, u).
Image: a flower - three flowers, an apple - two apples (Page 8)
Uncountable nouns are nouns which cannot be counted and they usually have no plural. These nouns include:
food: cheese, butter, meat, salt, pepper, bacon, bread, chocolate, honey, jam, etc.
liquids: coffee, milk, water, tea, wine, lemonade, petrol, oil, etc.
materials: gold, iron, silver, wood, paper, etc.
abstract nouns: beauty, love, happiness, etc.
others: hair, money, news, snow, furniture, weather, advice, etc.
We use some with uncountable nouns and not a/an.
We also use some with countable nouns but only in the plural.
Image: some cheese - some bananas (Page 8)
- Bağlantıyı al
- X
- E-posta
- Diğer Uygulamalar
- Bağlantıyı al
- X
- E-posta
- Diğer Uygulamalar